Graphical terminal and a graphical menu system are available.
sudo vi /etc/default/grub # Change this text config file sudo update-grub Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub' Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/50_linuxmint.cfg' Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg' Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-84-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-84-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-81-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-81-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-74-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-74-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-72-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-58-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-58-generic Found Windows 7 on /dev/sda1 donegrub-mkconfig
/dev/sda8 523,248 /boot/efi
ls -l /boot
drwx------ 3 4096 Dec 31 969 efi
drwxr-xr-x 4 4096 Sep 248:26 grub
l 27 Sep 7 16:24 initrd.img -> initrd.img-5.4.0-84-generic
l 27 Sep 7 16:24 initrd.img.old -> initrd.img-5.4.0-81-generic
l 24 Sep 7 16:24 vmlinuz -> vmlinuz-5.4.0-84-generic
l 24 Sep 7 16:24 vmlinuz.old -> vmlinuz-5.4.0-81-generic
-rw------- 4744612 Dec 9 2020 System.map-5.4.0-58-generic
-rw------- 4750202 Apr 12 11:12 System.map-5.4.0-72-generic
-rw------- 4751152 May 7 20:45 System.map-5.4.0-74-generic
-rw------- 4752515 Jul 15 14:01 System.map-5.4.0-81-generic
-rw------- 4753288 Aug 26 14:48 System.map-5.4.0-84-generic
-rw-r--r-- 237764 Dec 9 2020 config-5.4.0-58-generic
-rw-r--r-- 237851 Apr 12 11:12 config-5.4.0-72-generic
-rw-r--r-- 237851 May 7 20:45 config-5.4.0-74-generic
-rw-r--r-- 237851 Jul 15 14:01 config-5.4.0-81-generic
-rw-r--r-- 237883 Aug 26 14:48 config-5.4.0-84-generic
-rw-r--r-- 86990631 Aug 22 18:28 initrd.img-5.4.0-58-generic
-rw-r--r-- 88012631 Aug 22 18:27 initrd.img-5.4.0-74-generic
-rw-r--r-- 88024648 Sep 7 16:25 initrd.img-5.4.0-81-generic
-rw-r--r-- 88025799 Sep 15 18:14 initrd.img-5.4.0-84-generic
-rw-r--r-- 11682560 Jan 3 2021 vmlinuz-5.4.0-58-generic
-rw------- 11760384 Apr 12 12:56 vmlinuz-5.4.0-72-generic
-rw------- 11763968 May 7 21:42 vmlinuz-5.4.0-74-generic
-rw------- 11772160 Jul 15 14:05 vmlinuz-5.4.0-81-generic
-rw------- 11776256 Aug 26 14:54 vmlinuz-5.4.0-84-generic
/boot/grub
drwxr-xr-x 4096 Apr 19 18:00 fonts
drwxr-xr-x 12288 Apr 19 18:00 i386-pc
-rw-r--r-- 712 Jan 3 2021 gfxblacklist.txt
-r--r--r-- 14905 Sep 24 18:26 grub.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1024 Sep 24 07:14 grubenv
-rw-r--r--2395475 Aug 22 18:29 unicode.pf2
/boot/grub/i386-pc
-rw-r--r-- 12 Apr 19 18:00
512 boot.img DOS/MBR boot sector
3887 command.lst text
26243 core.img
936 crypto.lst text
7800 efiemu32.o
10288 efiemu64.o ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), BuildID[sha1]=c60b2ccf22148a768c4ed138458ebd71e174bf6a, not stripped
219 fs.lst
111 partmap.lst
17 parttool.lst
202 terminal.lst
33 video.lst
and 250 +/- .mod files.
ELF 32-bit LSB relocatable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped
modinfo.sh
User-controllable options
grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386
grub_modinfo_platform=pc
grub_disk_cache_stats=0
grub_boot_time_stats=0
grub_have_font_source=1
# Autodetected config
grub_have_asm_uscore=0
grub_bss_start_symbol="__bss_start"
grub_end_symbol="end"
# Build environment
grub_target_cc='gcc-8'
grub_target_cc_version='gcc-8 (Ubuntu 8.4.0-3ubuntu2) 8.4.0'
grub_target_cflags=' -Os -Wall -W …
grub_target_cppflags='-Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wall -W -DGRUB_MACHINE_PCBIOS=1 -DGRUB_MACHINE=I386_PC -m32 -nostdinc
-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/include -I$(top_srcdir)/include -I$(top_builddir)/include'
grub_target_ccasflags=' -g -m32 -msoft-float'
grub_target_ldflags='-no-pie -m32 -Wl,-melf_i386 -no-pie -Wl,--build-id=none'
grub_cflags=''
grub_cppflags=' -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64'
grub_ccasflags=''
grub_ldflags=''
grub_target_strip='strip'
grub_target_nm='nm'
grub_target_ranlib='ranlib'
grub_target_objconf=''
grub_target_obj2elf=''
grub_target_img_base_ldopt='-Wl,-Ttext'
grub_target_img_ldflags='@TARGET_IMG_BASE_LDFLAGS@'
# Version
grub_version="2.04"
grub_package="grub"
grub_package_string="GRUB 2.04-1ubuntu26.7"
grub_package_version="2.04-1ubuntu26.7"
grub_package_name="GRUB"
grub_package_bugreport="bug-grub@gnu.org"
Command line permits completion via [TAB].
(ddn)
:
hd
)
scheme
and
include extended partions.
scheme
((hd0,msdos1)/vmlinuz
grub-probe [OPTION...] [OPTION]... [PATH|DEVICE]
Probe device information for a given path (or device, if the -d option is given).
-0 separate items in output using ASCII NUL characters -d, --device given argument is a system device, not a path -m, --device-map=FILE use FILE as the device map [default=/boot/grub/device.map] -t, --target=TARGET print TARGET available targets: abstraction arc_hints baremetal_hints bios_hints compatibility_hint cryptodisk_uuid device disk drive efi_hints fs fs_label fs_uuid gpt_parttype hints_string ieee1275_hints msdos_parttype partmap partuuid zero_check [de- fault=fs] -v, --verbose print verbose messages. -?, --help give this help list --usage give a short usage message -V, --version print program version
grub-fstest
grub-fstest(1) The full documentation for grub-probe is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and grub-probe programs are properly installed at your site, the command info grub-probe should give you access to the complete manual.image directory (/usr/lib/grub/
- )
boot directory (/boot)
MBR format : grub is in the area between the MBR and the first partition
GPT format : grub installed to a BIOS Boot Partition of 1MB and no user files should be there.
Command line
Command line editing with begining of line:[HOME], [END], previous line[UP], name completion [TAB]menu
Grub presents a menu when bootinginvoke command line
c
, return to menui [esc] .
menu editor : abort changes [ESC], boot an entry:^x
Menu setup:
comments begin with#
menuentry title { command; …} submenu title {menu entries …} chain-loading on PC BIOS and EFImenuentry "Windows" { insmod chain insmod ntfs set root=(hd0,1) chainloader +1 }grub> linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda1 bootgrub rescue entered when partition grub expects is gone ls ls (xxx) set root=(hd0,msdos2) set prefix=(hd0,msdos2)/boot/grub # or wherever grub is installed insmod normal # if this produced an error, reset and prefix to something else normal sudo update-grub sudo grub-install /dev/sdX